Syntax the study of the principles and processes by which
sentences are constructed in particular languages. The term syntax is also used
to refer to the rules that make up the sentence structure of an individual
language. Some key terms to comprehend are deep and surface structure. Surface
structure is the syntactic form words can take as actual sentences. It is forms
of sentences resulted from modification and transformation.
For example
1. You close the door
2. The door is closed by you.
3. Close the door!
The first sentence is active, second is passive, and the
last is imperative. However if u take a closer look, you will find that they
are very closely related. They have the same underlying representation that is
called deep structure.
describes constituency in depth and phrases - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QOLYcO-So_c
Sources:
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/syntax
http://www.ling.upenn.edu/~beatrice/syntax-textbook/
http://www.slideshare.net/
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